http://ico.bukvic.net/Max/munger1~_1.0.0.tar.gz

(270KB, includes source, Linux-Pd-i386, Mac-Max-i386, and Win32-Max-i386

a.k.a. the swiss-army-knife of realtime granular synthesis

a flext (cross-platform PD & Max/MSP) port of

the munger~ object from the PeRColate library (0.9 beta5)

(whichever is the latest version--as of this release, version 2)

For more info on the GPL license please visit:

Many thanks to Dan Trueman for open-sourcing this great object!

If you simply intend to use prebuilt binaries, please skip to the INSTALL

section. Otherwise take a big breath and read on...

1) You need stk library which can be downloaded from:

2) You need to also install latest flext library (this is a library that

allows for creation of externals for both Max/MSP and PD using the same

source). Version 0.4.x can obtained from the following link:

Latest CVS version (0.5.1) is found in the Pure-Data CVS (this one is

http://sourceforge.net/cvs/?group_id=55736

3) If you are using latest CVS version (0.5.1) Before compiling the source

you will need to add the following to the top of the flext/source/flstk.h

This step will probably become quickly obsolete once Thomas updates CVS.

Until then, this is needed to be able to compile flext against stk.

4) To compile flext, read flext instructions (it boils down to running

build.sh with appropriate parameters and then editing two simple config

files, i.e. "build pd gcc build" or "build max gcc" or "build max msvc"

Your will need to edit buildsys/config-.txt to

Then you will need to edit config.txt file. You do not need to include

SndObj for this external but you do need stk option to be properly set. On

Windows+MSVC, STK flag at the time of this release does not work, so you

will have to use included testmunger1 MSVC project file and adjust path

5) Once stk and flext are compiled, go into munger1~ folder and type:

NB: on Mac is not needed. On Windows, please use MSVC

and open the testmunger1 project file in the root of the folder.

6) Once compiled, your binary will be created in a 

subfolder (i.e. pd-linux, or max-darwin), followed by another subfolder

which reflects whether a threaded or singlethread flext was used. Inside you

You can either use the prebuilt externals (found in the bin/ folder) or ones

built using the "SOURCE INSTALL" instructions above. Binaries are provided

for Intel-based Macs, Win32, and Intel-based Linux OS. The included prebuilt

binaries DO NOT REQUIRE you to install flext or stk as these are statically

1) Copy the external in your externals folder (i.e. /usr/lib/pd/extra or

C:Program FilesCycling '74MaxMSP 4.6Cycling '74externals, or

"Applications/MaxMSP 4.6/Cycling '74/externals)

2) Copy appropriate help file (found in the help/ folder) into the help

folder (i.e. /usr/lib/pd/doc/5.reference or C:Program FilesCycling

'74MaxMSP 4.6max-help, or "Applications/MaxMSP 4.6/max-help)

NB: Pd help file has a ".pd" extension, while Max/MSP help file has a

3) Start your app (PD or Max) and create object called munger1~. Right-click

(ctrl-click on Macs) and select "help" and this should open the help file

Questions? See OVERVIEW for contact and Q&A info.

The following is Ico's FAQ, so it may or may not reflect other project

participants' opinions, including original author(s) of munger~, flext, etc.

A: Flext library (by Thomas Grill) is a layer which allows creation of

externals for both Max/MSP and PD without any alterations to the code

(obviously once it is adapted to use flext). While there have been a number

of Max/MSP PD external ports in the past, many of them have become

outdated because such attempts required either maintaining one code full of

ugly #ifdefs, or worse--maintaining two sources. Either way, what usually

turned out to be the case is that original authors did not have the time,

interest, or simply the software/hardware to deal with the newly generated

overhead and/or test the code, while volunteers who made the original

porting efforts eventually moved on to other projects. The result was/is

outdated and/or broken externals. Flext circumvents this problem by allowing

one clean code to compile on both platforms while also supplying in many

cases cleaner (more legible) API and (as a whipped cream on top)

Q: Why bother with PD Max/MSP cross-platform compatibility...

A: Choice is what makes us human (this is also what makes Arts so vibrant

and exciting). And while everyone's welcome to express their own

preferences, we also have to realize that in this case these same

preferences are also the main cause of a virtual divide which manifests

itself at everyone's detriment. Wouldn't it be nicer if we could share

externals transparently, or even better, open PD patches in Max and

vice-versa? This would help in both the cross-pollination of ideas as well

as creative efforts. This project has also taught me that creating

flext-ready externals is as easy if not easier (due to the aforesaid API's

legibility) than native objects (whether that be PD or Max/MSP). Finally, if

all else fails, such externals are bound to reach wider audience, and are

much easier to maintain if cross-platform compatibility is to be pursued.

Q: If flext is so cool, why don't we see more porting efforts?

A: Good question. The fact is that flext is much more widely known among PD

users than it is among the Max/MSP community, so this seemingly one-way road

may have contributed to the current situation. One could only hope that

projects like this may help reverse this unfortunate trend.

Q: So, is all really that peachy in the flext-land?

A: Well, our lives teach us that nothing is truly free in this world. Flext

is no exception. Its "fees," however are not tied to our checkbooks. Rather,

they manifest themselves in a slightly greater CPU overhead in signal flow

due to message translation. Thus, one could consider flext a "middle-person"

between the and the external. This, however, in today's

world is so negligible that during the testing phase I was unable to measure

Another consideration is that flext might not be complete (see KNOWN ISSUES

for an example). That being said, in its current state it did the trick for

a relatively complex external such as munger~ or even FFTEASE collection

which had been ported several years ago. All this leads me to believe that

it is more than ready for the day-to-day use.

Q: I already have Dan and Luke's awesome PeRColate lib. Why should I

A: This is a cross-platform port of the latest version with several new

features. Thus, it allows for those platforms which have not had the beta6

available (Linux, Windows) to finally dig into all the goodies it brings.

Plus you also get the cool stuff such as verbose modes, discrete panning,

more thorough documentation, up to 500 grains per sample (instead of 50), up

to 24-channel output (instead of 2 or 16, depending which one you used),

munger1~ has been tested extensively on Linux+PD, OSX+Max/MSP and

Win32+Max/MSP setups, suggesting that it should work on other setups as

Currently there is only one known issue in the wild which requires changes

to flext in order to be fixed. Namely, if you use munger1~ object in

conjunction with an external buffer in PD (known as an array) and if you

dubiously decide to delete that particular buffer in the middle of your

performance while munger1~ is still associated with it, this will

[unsurprisingly] crash PD. Max/MSP currently has a check implemented against

that via flext layer so Max/MSP will simply stop outputting anything until

buffer is reset. The flext author is aware of this and PD fix should appear

in the flext CVS hopefully soon. That being said, the lingering question is

why would you want to do this in the first place...

FYI, even though munger1~ allows up to 500 simultaneous grains per sample

and has been compiled with all available optimizations (SSE, Altivec is

supposedly available via flext but has not been tested), on MBP (Core Duo

1.83GHz) I was unable to get more than 160 simultaneous grains per sample

(or ~32,000 grains/second) without dropouts, even though CPUs were not

getting maxed out, so something else might be the cause of this limitation

(flext?). Win32 machine (3-year old AMD64 3000+) fared marginally better at

around 165 simultaneous grains per sample (or ~33,000 grains/second) before

its CPU was maxed out. Linux on the same AMD64 3000+ hardware fared the

best. It topped off at 47,999 grains per second at 48KHz sampling rate which

for some reason the sampling rate appears to be the upper limit (i.e. if you

run PD or Max/MSP at lower sampling rates, your upper limit will be

restricted to the sampling rate), even though the code allows for multiple

initiations of grains per cycle. This, however, is also the way original

An interesting bit is that while on Linux/PD combo 48K grains are already

reached when we get 64 simultaneous grains, on Win32/Mac even 160

simultaneous grains yield only ~32-33K grains. Could this be a flext bug?

Composition, Music Technology, CCTAD, CHCI

http://www.music.vt.edu/people/faculty/bukvic/

For the impatient, download at:
http://ico.bukvic.net/Max/munger1~_1.0.0.tar.gz
(270KB, includes source, Linux-Pd-i386, Mac-Max-i386, and Win32-Max-i386
binaries, and 3 cases of beer)

munger1~ (March 12, 2007 1.0.0 release)
a realtime multichannel granulator
a.k.a. the swiss-army-knife of realtime granular synthesis

a flext (cross-platform PD & Max/MSP) port of
the munger~ object from the PeRColate library (0.9 beta5)
http://www.music.columbia.edu/PeRColate/

Dan Trueman http://www.music.princeton.edu/~dan/
R. Luke DuBois's http://www.lukedubois.com/

Flext port and additions by:
Ivica Ico Bukvic http://ico.bukvic.net
Ji-Sun Kim hideaway@vt.edu
http://www.music.vt.edu
http://www.cctad.vt.edu

Released under GPL license
(whichever is the latest version--as of this release, version 2)
For more info on the GPL license please visit:
http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html

If you simply intend to use prebuilt binaries, please skip to the INSTALL
section. Otherwise take a big breath and read on...

2) You need to also install latest flext library (this is a library that
allows for creation of externals for both Max/MSP and PD using the same
source). Version 0.4.x can obtained from the following link:

Latest CVS version (0.5.1) is found in the Pure-Data CVS (this one is
recommended):

3) If you are using latest CVS version (0.5.1) Before compiling the source
you will need to add the following to the top of the flext/source/flstk.h
file right below the #define __FLSTK_H:

This step will probably become quickly obsolete once Thomas updates CVS.
Until then, this is needed to be able to compile flext against stk.

4) To compile flext, read flext instructions (it boils down to running
build.sh with appropriate parameters and then editing two simple config
files, i.e. "build pd gcc build" or "build max gcc" or "build max msvc"
etc.)

Your will need to edit buildsys/config-.txt to
adjust paths to various folders.

Then you will need to edit config.txt file. You do not need to include
SndObj for this external but you do need stk option to be properly set. On
Windows+MSVC, STK flag at the time of this release does not work, so you
will have to use included testmunger1 MSVC project file and adjust path
settings to compile munger1~.

NB: on Mac  is not needed. On Windows, please use MSVC
and open the testmunger1 project file in the root of the folder.

6) Once compiled, your binary will be created in a 
subfolder (i.e. pd-linux, or max-darwin), followed by another subfolder
which reflects whether a threaded or singlethread flext was used. Inside you
will find your external.

You can either use the prebuilt externals (found in the bin/ folder) or ones
built using the "SOURCE INSTALL" instructions above. Binaries are provided
for Intel-based Macs, Win32, and Intel-based Linux OS. The included prebuilt
binaries DO NOT REQUIRE you to install flext or stk as these are statically
linked.

1) Copy the external in your externals folder (i.e. /usr/lib/pd/extra or
C:Program FilesCycling '74MaxMSP 4.6Cycling '74externals, or
"Applications/MaxMSP 4.6/Cycling '74/externals)

2) Copy appropriate help file (found in the help/ folder) into the help
folder (i.e. /usr/lib/pd/doc/5.reference or C:Program FilesCycling
'74MaxMSP 4.6max-help, or "Applications/MaxMSP 4.6/max-help)

NB: Pd help file has a ".pd" extension, while Max/MSP help file has a
".help" extension.

3) Start your app (PD or Max) and create object called munger1~. Right-click
(ctrl-click on Macs) and select "help" and this should open the help file
with additional documentation.

The following is Ico's FAQ, so it may or may not reflect other project
participants' opinions, including original author(s) of munger~, flext, etc.

Q: Why porting to flext?
A: Flext library (by Thomas Grill) is a layer which allows creation of
externals for both Max/MSP and PD without any alterations to the code
(obviously once it is adapted to use flext). While there have been a number
of Max/MSP  PD external ports in the past, many of them have become
outdated because such attempts required either maintaining one code full of
ugly #ifdefs, or worse--maintaining two sources. Either way, what usually
turned out to be the case is that original authors did not have the time,
interest, or simply the software/hardware to deal with the newly generated
overhead and/or test the code, while volunteers who made the original
porting efforts eventually moved on to other projects. The result was/is
outdated and/or broken externals. Flext circumvents this problem by allowing
one clean code to compile on both platforms while also supplying in many
cases cleaner (more legible) API and (as a whipped cream on top)
object-oriented environment (C++).

Q: Why bother with PD  Max/MSP cross-platform compatibility...
   ...when I use only ?
   ... is better?
A: Choice is what makes us human (this is also what makes Arts so vibrant
and exciting). And while everyone's welcome to express their own
preferences, we also have to realize that in this case these same
preferences are also the main cause of a virtual divide which manifests
itself at everyone's detriment. Wouldn't it be nicer if we could share
externals transparently, or even better, open PD patches in Max and
vice-versa? This would help in both the cross-pollination of ideas as well
as creative efforts. This project has also taught me that creating
flext-ready externals is as easy if not easier (due to the aforesaid API's
legibility) than native objects (whether that be PD or Max/MSP). Finally, if
all else fails, such externals are bound to reach wider audience, and are
much easier to maintain if cross-platform compatibility is to be pursued.

Q: If flext is so cool, why don't we see more porting efforts?
A: Good question. The fact is that flext is much more widely known among PD
users than it is among the Max/MSP community, so this seemingly one-way road
may have contributed to the current situation. One could only hope that
projects like this may help reverse this unfortunate trend.

Q: So, is all really that peachy in the flext-land?
A: Well, our lives teach us that nothing is truly free in this world. Flext
is no exception. Its "fees," however are not tied to our checkbooks. Rather,
they manifest themselves in a slightly greater CPU overhead in signal flow
due to message translation. Thus, one could consider flext a "middle-person"
between the  and the external. This, however, in today's
world is so negligible that during the testing phase I was unable to measure
any noticeable CPU-overhead difference.

Another consideration is that flext might not be complete (see KNOWN ISSUES
for an example). That being said, in its current state it did the trick for
a relatively complex external such as munger~ or even FFTEASE collection
which had been ported several years ago. All this leads me to believe that
it is more than ready for the day-to-day use.

Q: I already have Dan and Luke's awesome PeRColate lib. Why should I
download this one?
A: This is a cross-platform port of the latest version with several new
features. Thus, it allows for those platforms which have not had the beta6
available (Linux, Windows) to finally dig into all the goodies it brings.
Plus you also get the cool stuff such as verbose modes, discrete panning,
more thorough documentation, up to 500 grains per sample (instead of 50), up
to 24-channel output (instead of 2 or 16, depending which one you used),
etc.

munger1~ has been tested extensively on Linux+PD, OSX+Max/MSP and
Win32+Max/MSP setups, suggesting that it should work on other setups as
well. Your mileage may vary, though.

Currently there is only one known issue in the wild which requires changes
to flext in order to be fixed. Namely, if you use munger1~ object in
conjunction with an external buffer in PD (known as an array) and if you
dubiously decide to delete that particular buffer in the middle of your
performance while munger1~ is still associated with it, this will
[unsurprisingly] crash PD. Max/MSP currently has a check implemented against
that via flext layer so Max/MSP will simply stop outputting anything until
buffer is reset. The flext author is aware of this and PD fix should appear
in the flext CVS hopefully soon. That being said, the lingering question is
why would you want to do this in the first place...

FYI, even though munger1~ allows up to 500 simultaneous grains per sample
and has been compiled with all available optimizations (SSE, Altivec is
supposedly available via flext but has not been tested), on MBP (Core Duo
1.83GHz) I was unable to get more than 160 simultaneous grains per sample
(or ~32,000 grains/second) without dropouts, even though CPUs were not
getting maxed out, so something else might be the cause of this limitation
(flext?). Win32 machine (3-year old AMD64 3000+) fared marginally better at
around 165 simultaneous grains per sample (or ~33,000 grains/second) before
its CPU was maxed out. Linux on the same AMD64 3000+ hardware fared the
best. It topped off at 47,999 grains per second at 48KHz sampling rate which
for some reason the sampling rate appears to be the upper limit (i.e. if you
run PD or Max/MSP at lower sampling rates, your upper limit will be
restricted to the sampling rate), even though the code allows for multiple
initiations of grains per cycle. This, however, is also the way original
munger~ works.

An interesting bit is that while on Linux/PD combo 48K grains are already
reached when we get 64 simultaneous grains, on Win32/Mac even 160
simultaneous grains yield only ~32-33K grains. Could this be a flext bug?

Ivica Ico Bukvic, D.M.A.
Composition, Music Technology, CCTAD, CHCI
Virginia Tech
Dept. of Music - 0240
Blacksburg, VA 24061
(540) 231-1137
(540) 231-5034 (fax)
ico@vt.edu
http://www.music.vt.edu/people/faculty/bukvic/


ANN: munger1~ port (from the Percolate library) with new stuff