Update: I switched to the 32-bit version and now video files appear as they should. HOWEVER I am still a bit perplexed, as C:\ProgramData\Max 7\Examples, C:\ProgramData\Max 7\Packages,and C:\ProgramData\Max 7\Global Library are all empty. So now this is my issue:
In File Preferences the Max Library and Examples are set to C:\ProgramData\Max 7\, but the Library, Packages, and Examples folders there are all empty. The content is present in C:\Program Files\Cycling '74\Max 7\resources, and C:\Program Files\Cycling '74\Max 7\examples. Since it's apparently not possible to change the default paths for User Library, Global Library, and Examples, I'm not exactly sure what to do to rectify this.
Finally, there is some Apple text in my Windows version of Max 7.